Skip to main content
PROSTest Articles
- “Utility of the PROSTest, a Novel Blood-Based Molecular Assay, Versus PSA for Prostate Cancer Stratification and Detection of Disease.” Kidd M, Rempega G, Kepinski M, Slomian S, Mlynarek K, Halim AB. 2025 Oct 23. doi: 10.1002/pros.70086.
- “PROSTest, a Multigene Liquid Biopsy Signature, Effectively Stratifies Patients With High PSA for Prostate Biopsy.” Rahbar K, Rosin RD, Kidd M, Halim AB, Sartor O. 2025 Sep 19. doi: 10.1002/pros.70052.
- “Utility of the prostest to predict and monitor response to chemotherapy in metastatic Castration-Resistant prostate cancer: A prospective pilot study.” Rahbar K, Schlack K, Bögemann M. BMC Cancer. 2025 Jul 10;25(1):1159. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-14549-3.
- “Clinical Sensitivity and Specificity of the PROSTest in an American Cohort.” Rahbar K, Kidd M, Prasad V, David Rosin R, Drozdov I, Halim A. 2025 May;85(6):558-566.
- “Evaluation of a multigenomic liquid biopsy (PROSTest) for prostate cancer detection and follow-up in a Caribbean population.” Rosin, R. D., A. Haynes, M. Kidd, I. Drozdov, I. Modlin and A. Halim (2024). Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 92: 102642.
- “Development of a multigenomic liquid biopsy (PROSTest) for prostate cancer in whole blood.” Modlin, I. M., M. Kidd, I. A. Drozdov, M. Boegemann, L. Bodei, J. Kunikowska, A. Malczewska, C. Bernemann, S. V. Koduru and K. Rahbar. Prostate. 2024; 84(9):850-865.
Recent Meeting Abstracts
ASCO 2025
- “Utility of the PROSTest, a novel blood-based molecular assay, versus PSA for prostate cancer stratification and detection of higher grade disease. | Journal of Clinical Oncology.” Rajwa P, Rempega G, Kepinski M, Slomian S, Mylnarek K, Halim AB, Kidd M. JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.5107.
- “Imaging and biomarker factors for predicting durable responses to 177Lu-PSMA therapy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). | Journal of Clinical Oncology.” Chirindel A, Nicolas G, Halim AB, Kidd MS. JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.e17070.
AACR 2025
SNMMI 2025
- “Utility of the PROSTest to predict response to 177Lu-PSMA therapy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer | Journal of Nuclear Medicine.” Rahbar K, Bogemann M, Halim A, Kidd M. Journal of Nuclear Medicine June 2025,66(supplement 1)251940.
- “The clinical value of the PROSTest to detect biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer | Journal of Nuclear Medicine.” Rahbar K, Chrindel A, Kunikowska J, Nicolas G, Bogemann M, Halim A, Kidd M. Journal of Nuclear Medicine June 2025,66(supplement 1)251945.
AACR 2024
Recent NETest Publications
- “NETest0-A decade of innovation in neuroendocrine tumor diagnostics.” Kidd M, Drozdov IA, Chirindel A, Nicolas G, Imagawa D, Gulati A, Tsuchikawa T, Prasad V, Halim AB, Strosberg J. J Neuroendocrinol. 2025 Apr;37(4):e70002.
- “Initial validation of the clinical significance of the NETest in Japanese gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients.” Zhang H, Tsuchikawa T, Takeuchi S, Hirata K, Tanaka K, Matsui A, Nakanishi Y, Asano T, Noji T, Nakamura T, Takeuchi S, Wada M, Hirano S. Endocr J. 2024 Jul 26. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0090.
- The Clinical Utility of the NETest in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (Si-NENs): A “Real-Life” Study. Gertner J, Tsoli M, Hayes AR, O’Mahony LF, Laskaratos FM, Glover T, Karia P, Butt MF, Eastwood O, Mandair D, Caplin M, Toumpanakis C. Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;16(14):2506.
- “NETest in advanced high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Sorbye H, Hjortland GO, Vestermark LW, Sundlov A, Assmus J, Couvelard A, Perren A, Langer SW. J Neuroendocrinol. 2024 Jun 27:e13428.
- “Interim Analysis of a Prospective Validation of 2 Blood-Based Genomic Assessments (PPQ and NETest) to Determine the Clinical Efficacy of 177Lu-DOTATATE in Neuroendocrine Tumors.” Bodei L, Raj N, Do RK, Mauguen A, Krebs S, Reidy-Lagunes D, Schöder H. J Nucl Med. 2023 Apr;64(4):567-573.
2021 and earlier NETest articles and publications
- “NETest: serial liquid biopsies in gastroenteropancreatic NET surveillance.” Van Treijen MJC, Korse CM, Verbeek WH, Tesselaar MET, Valk GD. Endocr Connect. 2022 Sep 7;11(10):e220146.
- “A novel liquid biopsy (NETest) identifies paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas with high accuracy.” Pacak K, Kidd M, Meuter L, Modlin IM. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2021 Oct 13;28(11):731-744.
- “Treatment of advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia, are we on the way to personalised medicine?” Rinke A, Auernhammer CJ, Bodei L, Kidd M, Krug S, Lawlor R, Marinoni I, Perren A, Scarpa A, Sorbye H, Pavel ME, Weber MM, Modlin I, Gress TM. Gut. 2021 Sep;70(9):1768-1781.
- “Molecular Genomic Assessment Using a Blood-based mRNA Signature (NETest) is Cost-effective and Predicts Neuroendocrine Tumor Recurrence With 94% Accuracy.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Frilling A, Falconi M, Filosso PL, Malczewska A, Kitz A. Ann Surg. 2021 Sep 1;274(3):481-490.
- “Blood Molecular Genomic analysis predicts the disease course of GEP NET patients.” Van Treijen M, van der Zee D, Heeres B, Stal F, Vriens M, Saveur L, Verbeek W, Korse C, Maas M, Valk G, Tesselaar M. Neuroendocrinology. 2021;111(6):586-598.
- “Early Identification of Residual Disease After Neuroendocrine Tumor Resection Using a Liquid Biopsy Multigenomic mRNA Signature (NETest).” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Oberg K, Falconi M, Filosso PL, Frilling A, Malczewska A, Salem R, Toumpanakis C, Laskaratos FM, Partelli S, Roffinella M, von Arx C, Kudla BK, Bodei L, Drozdov IA, Kitz A. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 May 18. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10021-1.
- “Molecular Genomic Blood Biomarkers for Neuroendocrine Tumors: The Long and Winding Road from Berzelius and Bence Jones to a Neuroendocrine Destination Neuroendocrinology.” Öberg K. 2021;111(4):297-303. doi: 10.1159/000508488.
- “Sensitivity and Specificity of the NETest: A Validation Study. Neuroendocrinology.” Al-Toubah T, Cives M, Valone T, Blue K, Strosberg JR. 2021;111(6):580-585.
- “ASO Author Reflections: A Genomic Blood Test (NETest) that Informs you if the Patient has a Recurrence at the First Postoperative Visit.” Modlin IM. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Apr 19. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10044-8.
- “A combination of surgery, theranostics, and liquid biopsy – a personalised oncologic approach to treatment of patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Frilling A, Clift AK, Frampton AE, Bomanji J, Kaemmerer D, Al-Nahhas A, Alsafi A, Kidd M, Modlin IM, Hoersch D, Baum RP. Int J Med Sci. 2021 Mar 19;18(10):2166-2175.
- “Neuroendocrine Tumor Omic Gene Cluster Analysis Amplifies the Prognostic Accuracy of the NETest.” Kidd M, Kitz A, Drozdov IA, Modlin IM. Neuroendocrinology. 2021;111(5):490-504.
- “Prospective Evaluation of the NETest as a Liquid Biopsy for Gastroenteropancreatic and Bronchopulmonary Tumours: An ENETS Centre of Excellence Experience.” Malczewska A, Witkowska M, Wójcik-Giertuga M, Kuśnierz K, Bocian A, Walter A, Rydel M, Robek A, Pierzchała S, Malczewska M, Leś-Zielińska I, Czyżewski D, Ziora D, Pilch-Kowalczyk J, Zajecki W, Kos-Kudla B. Neuroendocrinology. 2021;111(4):304-319.
- “Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A clinical snapshot.” Fernandez CJ, Agarwal M, Pottakkat B, Haroon NN, George AS, Pappachan JM. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2021 Mar 27;13(3):231-255.
- “Diagnostic and therapeutic advances in neuroendocrine tumours.” Caplin ME, Ratnayake GM. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Feb;17(2):81-82.
- “NETest is superior to chromogranin A in neuroendocrine neoplasia: a prospective ENETS CoE analysis” Malczewska A, Oberg K, Kos-Kudla B. Endocr Connect. 2021 Jan;10(1):110-123.
- “Author Reflections: Circulating Neuroendocrine Gene Transcripts (NETest): A Promising Biomarker for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours (PanNET).” Partelli S, Falconi M. ASO Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Oct;27(10):3937-3938.
- “Circulating Neuroendocrine Gene Transcripts (NETest): A Postoperative Strategy for Early Identification of the Efficacy of Radical Surgery for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours.” Partelli S, Andreasi V, Muffatti F, Lena MS, Falconi M. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Oct;27(10):3928-3936.
- “Molecular profiling of neuroendocrine tumours to predict response and toxicity to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.” Bodei L, Schöder H, Baum RP, Herrmann K, Strosberg J, Caplin M, Öberg K, Modlin IM. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Sep;21(9):e431-e443.
- “Evaluation of circulating transcript analysis (NETest) in small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms after surgical resection.” Laskaratos FM, Liu M, Malczewska A, Ogunbiyi O, Watkins J, Luong TV, Mandair D, Caplin M, Toumpanakis C. Endocrine. 2020 Aug;69(2):430-440.
- “The NETest liquid biopsy is diagnostic for gastric neuroendocrine tumors: observations on the blood-based identification of microscopic and macroscopic residual disease.” Malczewska A, Procner A, Walter A, Kusnierz K, Zajecki W, Aslanian H, Kos-Kudla B. BMC Gastroenterol. 2020 Jul 23;20(1):235.
- “Molecular Identification of Bronchopulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors and Neuroendocrine Genotype in Lung Neoplasia using the NETest Liquid Biopsy.” Filosso PL, Oberg K, Malczewska A, Lewczuk A, Roffinella M, Aslanian H, Bodei L. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020 Jun 1;57(6):1195-1202.
- “Clinicopathological correlations of mesenteric fibrosis and evaluation of a novel biomarker for fibrosis detection in small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Laskaratos FM, Mandair D, Hall A, Alexander S, von Stempel C, Bretherton J, Luong T, Watkins J, Ogunbiyi O, Rombouts K, Caplin M, Toumpanakis C. Endocrine. 2020 Mar;67(3):718-726.
- “A Meta-Analysis of the Accuracy of a Neuroendocrine Tumor mRNA Genomic Biomarker (NETest) in Blood.” Oberg K, Califano A, Strosberg JR, Ma S, Pape U, Bodei L, Kaltsas G, Toumpanakis C, Goldenring JR, Frilling A, Paulson S. Ann Oncol. 2020 Feb;31(2):202-212.
- “PRRT neuroendocrine tumor response monitored using circulating transcript analysis: the NETest.” Bodei L, Kidd MS, Singh A, van der Zwan WA, Severi S, Drozdov IA, Malczewska A, Baum RP, Kwekkeboom DJ, Paganelli G, Krenning EP, Modlin IM. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020 Apr;47(4):895-906.
- “Clinicopathological correlations of mesenteric fibrosis and evaluation of a novel biomarker for fibrosis detection in small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Laskaratos FM, Mandair D, Hall A, Alexander S, von Stempel C, Bretherton J, Luong T, Watkins J, Ogunbiyi O, Rombouts K, Caplin M, Toumpanakis C. Endocrine. 2020 Mar;67(3):718-726.
- “The use of Deep Learning and Neural Networks in Imaging – Welcome to the new Mathematical Milieu of Medicine.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Drozdov IA, Bodei L. Neuroendocrinology. 2020;110(5):322-327.
- “The clinical applications of a multigene liquid biopsy (NETest) in neuroendocrine tumors.” Malczewska A, Kos-Kudła B, Kidd M, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Matar S, Oberg K, Modlin IM. Adv Med Sci. 2019 Dec 13;65(1):18-29.
- “Utility of a ready-to-use PCR system for neuroendocrine tumor diagnosis.” Kidd M, Drozdov IA, Matar S, Gurunlian N, Ferranti NJ, Malczewska A, Bennett P, Bodei L, Modlin IM. PLoS One. 2019 Jun 27;14(6):e0218592.
- “Assessment of NETest Clinical Utility in a U.S. Registry-Based Study.” Liu E, Paulson S, Gulati A, Freudman J, Grosh W, Kafer S, Wickremesinghe PC, Salem RR, Bodei L. Oncologist. 2019 Jun;24(6):783-790.
- “NETest liquid biopsy is diagnostic of small intestine and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and correlates with imaging.” Malczewska A, Witkowska M, Makulik K, Bocian A, Walter A, Pilch-Kowalczyk J, Zajęcki W, Bodei L, Oberg KE, Kos-Kudła B. Endocr Connect. 2019 Mar 1;8(4):442-53.
- “NETest Liquid Biopsy Is Diagnostic of Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors and Identifies Progressive Disease.” Malczewska A, Oberg K, Bodei L, Aslanian H, Lewczuk A, Filosso PL, Wójcik-Giertuga M, Rydel M, Zielińska-Leś I, Walter A, Suarez AL, Kolasińska-Ćwikła A, Roffinella M, Jamidar P, Ziora D, Czyżewski D, Kos-Kudła B, Ćwikła J. Neuroendocrinology. 2019;108(3):219-231.
- “Blood mRNA Measurement (NETest) for Neuroendocrine Tumor Diagnosis of Image-Negative Liver Metastatic Disease.” Malczewska A, Bodei L, Kidd M, Modlin IM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Mar 1;104(3):867-872.
- “Blood Transcript Profiling for the Detection of Neuroendocrine Tumors: Results of a Large Independent Validation Study.” Van Treijen MJC, Korse CM, van Leeuwaarde RS, Saveur LJ, Vriens MR, Verbeek WHM, Tesselaar MET, Valk GD. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Dec 4;9:740.
- “Measurement of circulating transcript levels (NETest) to detect disease recurrence and improve follow-up after curative surgical resection of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.” Genç CG, Jilesen APJ, Nieveen van Dijkum EJM, Klümpen HJ, van Eijck CHJ, Drozdov I, Malczewska A, Kidd M, Modlin I. J Surg Oncol. 2018 Jul;118(1):37-48.
- “PRRT genomic signature in blood for prediction of 177 Lu-octreotate efficacy.” Bodei L, Kidd MS, Singh A, van der Zwan WA, Severi S, Drozdov IA, Cwikla J, Baum RP, Kwekkeboom DJ, Paganelli G, Krenning EP, Modlin IM. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018 Jul;45(7):1155-1169.
- “Histopathological, immunohistochemical, genetic and molecular markers of neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Kyriakopoulos G, Mavroeidi V, Chatzellis E, Kaltsas GA, Alexandraki KI. Ann Transl Med. 2018 Jun;6(12):252.
- “Pan-Cancer Molecular Classes Transcending Tumor Lineage Across 32 Cancer Types, Multiple Data Platforms, and over 10,000 Cases.” Chen F, Zhang Y, Gibbons DL, Deneen B, Kwiatkowski DJ, Ittmann M, Creighton CJ. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 May 1;24(9):2182-2193.
- “The NETest: The Clinical Utility of Multigene Blood Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Malczewska A, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Matar S, Chung KM. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2018 Sep;47(3):485-504.
- “From Initial Description by Wermer to Present-Day MEN1: What have We Learned?” Perrier ND. World J Surg. 2018 Apr;42(4):1031-1035.
- “The utility of blood neuroendocrine gene transcript measurement in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumours and as a tool to evaluate surgical resection and disease progression.” Filosso PL, Kidd M, Roffinella M, Lewczuk A, Chung KM, Kolasinska-Cwikla A, Cwikla J, Lowczak A, Doboszynska A, Malczewska A, Catalano M, Zunino V, Boita M, Arvat E, Cristofori R, Guerrera F, Oliaro A, Tesselaar M, Buikhuisen W, Kos-Kudla B, Papotti M, Bodei L, Drozdov I, Modlin I. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2018 Mar 1;53(3):631-639.
- “Molecular strategies in the management of bronchopulmonary and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Filosso PL, Roffinella M, Lewczuk A, Cwikla J, Bodei L, Kolasinska-Cwikla A, Chung KM, Tesselaar ME, Drozdov IA. J Thorac Dis. 2017 Nov;9(Suppl 15):S1458-S1473.
- “The clinical utility of circulating neuroendocrine gene transcript analysis in well-differentiated paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas.” Pęczkowska M, Cwikla J, Kidd M, Lewczuk A, Kolasinska-Ćwikła A, Niec D, Michałowska I, Prejbisz A, Januszewicz A, Chiarelli J, Bodei L, Modlin I. Eur J Endocrinol. 2017;176:143-157.
- “NET blood transcript analysis defines the crossing of the clinical Rubicon: when stable disease becomes progressive.” Pavel M, Jann H, Prasad V, Drozdov I, Modlin IM, Kidd M. Neuroendocrinology 2017;104:180-82.
- “A Delphic consensus assessment: imaging and biomarkers in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor disease management.” Oberg K, Krenning E, Sundin A, Bodei L, Kidd M, Tesselaar M, Ambrosini V, Baum RP, Kulke M, Pavel M, Cwikla J, Drozdov I, Falconi M, Fazio N, Frilling A, Jensen R, Koopmans K, Korse T, Kwekkeboom D, Maecke H, Paganelli G, Salazar R, Severi S, Strosberg J, Prasad V, Scarpa A, Grossman A, Walenkamp A, Cives M, Virgolini I, Kjaer A, Modlin IM. Endocr Connect. 2016 Sep;5(5):174-87.
- “Measurement of circulating transcripts and gene cluster analysis predicts and defines therapeutic efficacy of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) in neuroendocrine tumors.” Bodei L, Kidd M, Modlin IM, Severi S, Drozdov I, Nicolini S, Kwekkeboom DJ, Krenning EP, Baum RP, Paganelli G. EJNMMI 2016;43:839-51.
- “Blood measurements of Neuroendocrine Gene Transcripts Defines the Effectiveness of Surgical Resection and Ablation Strategies.” Modlin IM, Frilling AF, Salem RR, Alaimo D, Drymousis P, Wasan HS, Callahan S, Faiz O, Weng L, Teixeira NS, Bodei L, Drozdov I, Kidd M. Surgery 2016;159:336-47.
- “Neuroendocrine tumor biomarkers: From monoanalytes to transcripts and algorithms.” Modlin IM, Bodei L, Kidd M. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan;30(1):59-77.
- “Gene Transcript analysis in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with somatostatin analogs defines stable and progressive disease.” Ćwikła JB, Bodei L, Cwikla A, Sankowski A, Alaimo D, Modlin IM, Kidd M. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 2015;100:E1437-45.
- “The clinical utility of a novel blood-based multi-transcriptome assay for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Bodei L, Drozdov I, Aslanian H. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2015;110:1223-32.
- “Blood and Tissue NET Gene Cluster Analysis correlate, define Hallmarks and Predict Disease Status.” Kidd M, Drozdov I, Modlin IM. Endocrine Related Cancer 2015;22:561-75.
- “Consensus on biomarkers for neuroendocrine tumour disease.” Oberg K, Modlin IM, De Herder W, Pavel M, Klimstra D, Frilling A, Metz DC, Heaney A, Kwekkeboom D, Strosberg J, Meyer T, Moss SF, Washington K, Wolin E, Liu E, Goldenring J. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Sep;16(9):e435-46.
- “Blood Gene Transcript analysis is predictive of 68Ga-DOTA-somatostatin analog (SSA) PET/CT Imaging in Neuroendocrine Tumors and can define Disease Status.” Bodei L, Kidd M, Modlin IM, Prasad V, Severi S, Ambrosini V, Kwekkeboom DJ, Krenning EP, Baum RP, Paganelli G, Drozdov I. EJNMMI 2015;42:1341-52.
- “A PCR blood test outperforms chromogranin A in carcinoid detection and is unaffected by PPIs.” Modlin IM, Kidd M, Aslanian H, Bodei L, Drozdov I. Endocrine Connections, 2014: 3:215-23.
- “Blood transcript analysis and metastatic recurrent small bowel carcinoid management.” Modlin IM, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Kidd M. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:564.
- “A multianalyte PCR blood test outperforms single analyte ELISAs for neuroendocrine tumor detection.” Modlin IM, Drozdov I, Alaimo D, Callahan S, Teixeira N, Bodei L, Kidd M. Endocrine Related Cancer 2014; 21:615-28.
- “Gut Neuroendocrine Tumor Blood qPCR Fingerprint Assay: Characteristics and Reproducibility.” Modlin IM, Drozdov I, Kidd M. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 2014; 52: 419-29.
- “The Identification of gut neuroendocrine tumor disease by multiple synchronous transcript analysis in blood.” Modlin IM, Drozdov I, Kidd M. PlosOne 2013; 8:e63364.